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FOREWORD

The XII Biennial Meeting of the Society for Free Radical Research International – SFRR held on May 5-9, 2004 at Buenos Aires, Argentina, gathered a numerous members of the free radical research scientific community. Scientifically sound information, fruitful discussions and exchange of experience among participants, gave a relevant profile to this meeting that could be considered as a contribution of the ‘Argentine School of Free Radical Research’ to the general knowledge of the role of free radicals in biochemistry, physiology and pathology. This effort has been successfully complete by the enthusiastic contribution of a great number of young scientists that besides their scientific participation in the meeting, have put long hours on helping with the organization of the event. The celebration of the meeting coincides with the 50 anniversary of the paper ‘Oxygen poisoning and X-ray irradiation: a mechanism in common’ by Gerschman and co-workers that appeared in Science 119: 623-626, on May 7, 1954. Gerschman was, with her pioneering ideas, the initiator of the Argentine research on free radicals. We consider her work as the intellectual milestone of these aspects of research and we feel that this meeting was a recognition to her visionary approach to science. We are proud to see ourselves as the heirs of her passion for knowledge.
In the organization of the meeting it was merged the interest of several scientific societies: the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IUBMB), the American Physiological Society (Bethesda), the Physiological Society (London), the Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Molecular and Cell Biology Network-UNESCO and the Linus Pauling Institute. Fortunately, as a result of this broad spectrum of interests the program of the meeting included a wide variety of aspects. By reading the table of contents of this issue, it is clear that substantially new information is gathered in this publication. The Proceedings includes manuscripts that deal with different subjects, from biochemical studies on reactions of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species to biologically active antioxidants, and several aspects of nitric oxide metabolism, such as the role of nitric oxide in cell biology, mitochondrial function, interaction with iron, role in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation and apoptosis. Moreover, key aspects in the broad field of free radicals in plant biochemistry and physiology were included, and a new chapter, to this scientific audience, such as free radical reactions in ectotherms is presented in this issue.
As Gerschman wrote, ‘Nature does not easily yield its secrets, what seems the answer to a research inquiry is only the beginning of scrutinizing new aspects of the problem’. This issue presents the current partial answers to inquires on the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, oxidative and nitrosative damage, and metabolic disorders and disease. The exciting times of discovery and the reflection times of reviewing and summarizing are parts of the same scientific endeavor in its slow progress toward knowledge.

Dr. Susana Puntarulo
Editor

Dr. Alberto Boveris
Editor
 

INDEX

1. Reactions of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species

18O-labeled Singlet Oxygen Generation in the Reaction of 18O-labeled Linoleic Acid Hydroperoxide with Metal Ions and Peroxynitrite
S. Miyamoto, G.R. Martinez, A.P.B. Martins, M.H.G. Medeiros and P. Di Mascio

Interaction of Peroxynitrite with Hemoglobin and Myoglobin
S. Herold, F. Boccini and S. Kalinga

Two Commonly-Used Reactive Nitrogen Species Scavenging Methods for Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay: A comparison
Guanghou Shui, Lai Peng Leong and Juli Effendy

Interference of 7,8-dihydroneopterin with Peroxynitrite Mediated Reactions
K. Oettl, S. Dikalov, G. Reibnegger, G. Jürgens and J. Greilberger

Formation of Redox Active Nanoselenium on Reaction of RONS with Selenourea
K.I. Priyadarsini, B. Mishra and H. Mohan

Total Antioxidant Capacity of Wastewaters from Pulp and Paper Industry and Distillery via the Decolorization Assay of ABTS•+ Radical Cation
E.M. Pérez-Pérez and A.J. Rodríguez-Malaver

2. The network of biologically active antioxidants

Inhibition of NF-kB-mediated VCAM-1 Expression by PHGPx and 15-LOX
A. Banning and R. Brigelius-Flohé

Apples and Plasma Antioxidant Capacity in Humans: The Roles of Fructose and Urate
S. Lotito and B. Frei

Antioxidative Effect of Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin in Rabbit Aorta
J. Terao, C. Kamada, M. Kameyama, J-H. Moon and E.L. da Silva

a-b Double Bond Plays Significant Role in the Antioxidant Activity of Rosmarinic Acid
A. Sarkar, S. Adhikari and T. Mukherjee

Application of EPR Imaging to the Pathophysiological Analysis of Acute Renal Failure and Antioxidative Effects of Erythropoietin
A. Hirayama, A. Ueda, S. Nagase and A. Koyama

Effects of Natural Antioxidant Extracts on PAF Metabolism
M.L. Balestrieri, R. De Prisco, P. Pari, F. Felice, L. Servillo and C. Balestrieri

Mechanism of Trypanothione Biosynthesis and Validation of Trypanothione Synthetase as Drug Target for African Trypanosomes
M.A. Comini and L. Flohé

Exercise, Ageing and Oxidative Stress: The Role of an Antioxidant Functional Foodstuff
R. Jiménez, M.A. Delgado, B. Muguerza, E. Sánchez-Ondé, J.I. Calvo, A. Díez, F. Ruiz, E. Palacios, M.E. Muñoz and A.I. Galán

3. Nitric oxide and mitochondrial function

Regulation of Mitochondrial Nitric-oxide Synthase
V. Haynes, S.L. Elfering, N. Traaseth and C. Giulivi

Mitochondria Are Involved in NO Formation from Nitrite Under Hypoxic Conditions
H. Nohl, K. Staniek, S. Bahrami, H. Red and A.V. Kozlov

Mitochondrial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Oxidative Stress
P. Ghafourifar

Antioxidant Role of Mitochondrial Bound Hexokinase
M.F. Oliveira, W.S. da-Silva, A. Gómez-Puyou, M.T. Gómez-Puyou, R. Moreno-Sanchez, F.G. De Felice, L. de Meis and A. Galina

Effects of Hypoxia and Aging on Heart mtNOS
L.B. Valdez, T. Zaobornyj, S. Alvarez, A. Boveris, P. La Padula and L.E. Costa

The State 4/state 3 Transition Regulates mtNOS Activity
T. Zaobornyj, L.B. Valdez and A. Boveris

Mitochondrial NO in Endotoxemia
S. Alvarez and A. Boveris

4. Nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the regulation of cell physiology and disease

Cardioprotective Effect of Acclimatization to Sustained Hypobaric Hypoxia
P. La Padula and L.E. Costa

Enriched Environment, Brain Nitric Oxide Synthase and Synaptic Plasticity in Pre-pubertal and Young Rats
S. Lores Arnaiz, J. Bustamante, A. Czerniczyniec, M. González Gervasoni, A. Rodil Martínez, N. Paglia and M. del Rosario Lores Arnaiz

Oxidative Stress in the Control of Blood Pressure: Role of Sex Differences
J.F. Reckelhoff

Role of Oxidative Stress in Angiotensin Induced Hypertension
J. Reckelhoff and J. Romero

Roles for Cytosolic NAD(P)H Redox Systems in Controlling the Regulation of Vascular Function By Oxygen Sensing, and Oxidant & NO Signaling
M.S. Wolin, P.M. Kaminski, M. Ahmad, R.A. Oeckler and S.A. Gupte

5. Nitric oxide and iron species in the regulation of cell functions
Cellular Uptake and Metabolism of S-nitrosothiols: S-nitrosothiols Are not NO Mimetics
Y. Zhang and N. Hogg

Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic Rats
M. Galleano, M. Alcalde, N. Cardoso, L. Aimo and S. Puntarulo

New Markers of Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Tissues Induced by Fe-NTA
A. Rosa, M. Deiana, G. Corona, A. Incani, A. Atzeri and M.A. Dessì

6. Cancer, oxygen free radicals and nitric oxide

Target Genes in Free Radical-induced Carcinogenesis
S. Toyokuni

Benzyl Isothiocyanate As a Multifunctional Antioxidant: Implication for Prevention Against Inflammation-related Carcinogenesis
Y. Nakamura

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects Due to Beta-Carotene Cleavage Products Possibly Formed in Inflamed Lung Tissue
O. Sommerburg, A. Alija, N. Bresgen, P.M. Eck and W. Siems

Menadione Potentiates The Oxidative Stress Produced By 1,25(OH)2D3 on Breast Cancer Cells
N. Tolosa de Talamoni, C.J. Narvaez and J. Welsh

7. Oxidative stress, neural function and neurodegenerative diseases

Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by Nitrosative Stress in Neural Cells
J.P. Bolaños and A. Almeida

Age-related Effects on Brain Cortical Mitochondrial Function and No Production
J. Bustamante, A. Czerniczyniec and S. Lores Arnaiz

Stress and Homeostatic Regulation of Oxidative Damage in Neurodegenerative Disease
P.I. Moreira, A. Nunomura, K. Honda, Q. Liu, G. Aliev, C.R. Oliveira, M.S. Santos, X. Zhu, M.A. Smith and G. Perry

Protective Role of MnSOD and Redox-regulation of Neuronal Cell Survival
S. Borrello, G. Pani, B. Bedogni, C. Capone, S. Fusco, D. Ferraro, E. Fasano and T. Galeotti

Effect of Selected Conditions on Mice Survival and Neurological Performance by Preventing Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage and Decreased Enzyme Activities
A. Navarro and A. Boveris

The Role of Antioxidants in the Development of Seizures and Kindling and Influence of PBN
I. Wiswedel, D. Hirsch, G. Keilhoff, M. Krug and C. Rauca

Discriminative Antioxidant Profiles in Neurological Diseases Associated to Peripheral Oxidative Stress
J.A. Serra, R.O. Domínguez, E.S. de Lustig, E.M. Guareschi, A.L. Famulari and E.R. Marschoff

Peripheral Markers of Oxidative Stress in Neurological Patients
M.G. Repetto and S.F. Llesuy

Suppression of Malonate-induced Ischemic Brain Injury in Rat by a Cell-permeable Petptidic JNK Inhibitor: MRI and ADC Mapping Study
M. Kuwabara, T. Asanuma and O. Inanami

8. Oxygen and nitrogen reactive species in inflammation, apoptosis and metabolic diseases

Dual Mechanistic Significance of Oxidative Stress in Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
L.A. Videla, R. Rodrigo, J. Araya and J. Poniachik

F2-Isoprostanes and Hepatic Fibrosis
M. Comporti, B. Arezzini, C. Signorini, C. Sgherri, D. Vecchio, B. Monaco and C. Gardi

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) as an Inflammatory Disease
T. Yoshikawa and Y. Naito

Role of Gaseous Mediators in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis in Mice
Y. Naito, T. Takagi and T. Yoshikawa

Diabetes and Muscle Wasting: Role of Oxidative Stress
R. Mastrocola, M. Aragno, M.G. Catalano, F. Restivo, E. Brignardello, I. Vercellinato and G. Boccuzzi

Glucose Oxidase Containing Liposomes for Treatment of CGD: Comparison of in vitro and in vivo Reactions
C. Gerber, G. Bruchelt, D. Niethammer, A. Kimpfler and R. Schubert

Apoptosis of Neural Precursor Cells Following Gamma Irradiation Is Early Modulated by Free Radicals
E. Robello, D. Dubner, S. Michelin, M.R. Pérez, S. Puntarulo and P. Gisone

Elucidation of Singlet Oxygen-induced Cell Death
J. Fujii, K. Otsu, Y. Ikeda, K. Sato and Y. Ohba

Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in
Haemodialysis Patients
A. Iannone, S. Bergamini, E. Bellei, C. Rota, L. Lucchi, A. Albertazzi and A. Tomasi

Mitogenic Signaling Elicited by Oxidized LDL in Smooth Muscle Cells
A. Negre-Salvayre, N. Augé and R. Salvayre

Nitric Oxide-Peroxynitrite Interactions in Atherogenesis
H. Rubbo

Thyroid Hormone and Oxidative Metabolism
E. Miler, J.A. Burdman, M.C Ríos de Molina, Y. Bechara and L.N. Guerra

9. Cellular exposure to oxidants

Peroxynitrite Formation in Aorta Isolated from Rats Exposed to Ozone
D.J. Sanchez-Gonzalez, M.A. Moro, R. Hernandez-Pando, C. Castillo-Henkel, R. Mendoza, N. Herrera-Gonzalez, J. Pedraza-Chaverri, J. Larios and C. Villanueva

Immunohistochemistry of Nitric Oxide Synthases in Lungs of Rats Exposed to Ozone
C. Villanueva, J. Sanchez-Gonzalez, M.A. Moro, R. Hernadez-Pando, C. Castillo-Henkel, R. Mendoza and N. Herrera-Gonzalez

Ozone Exposure Changes Markers of Endothelial Function in Rats
R. Mendoza, M.A. Moro, D.J. Sanchez-Gonzalez, C. Castillo-Henkel, A. Blanco-Tufiño, R. Cobilt-Catana and C. Villanueva

Effects of Menadione on Intestinal Calcium Absorption and Antioxidant Enzymes
A.M. Marchionatti and N. Tolosa de Talamoni

10. Free radicals in plant biochemistry and physiology

Non-symbiotic Hemoglobin AHb1 Modulates Nitric Oxide Bioactivity in Arabidopsis thaliana
M. Perazzolli, M.C. Romero-Puertas, E.D. Zago, F. Zaninotto, P. Dominici and M. Delledonne

Nitric Oxide Is Required as Intermediate in Hormone Signaling Pathways in Higher Plants
L. Lamattina, L. Lanteri, C. García-Mata, M. Graziano and N. Correa-Aragunde

Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Effects on Oxidative Metabolism in Chloroplasts
M. Simontacchi, S. Jasid, A. Galatro and S. Puntarulo

11. Free radical reactions in ectotherms. Polar and subpolar biology

Mitochondria of Antarctic and North Sea Marine Invertebrates – Ecological Functions of Mild Uncoupling in Water Breathers
D. Abele, E. Philipp, K. Heise and M. Keller

Oxidative Stress and Iron in Molluscs Adapted to Different Environments
S. Puntarulo, A.D. Boveris and M.S. Estevez

Vitamin E in Fish Spermatogenesis
G. Guerriero and G. Ciarcia

Functional Domains of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1a from Ringed Seal
P. Johnson, R. Elsner and T. Zenteno-Savín

Ascorbyl/Ascorbate Ratio as an Index of Oxidative Stress in Gills of Limpets
G. Malanga, J. Calvo and S. Puntarulo